Nasal cannulas, simple face masks, venture masks or non-rebreather masks for mild cases

HFNO therapy or NIV for moderate cases

Invasive ventilation via endotracheal intubation for severe cases with ARDS

Given to prevent/treat secondary bacterial infections

Azithromycin is preferred in view of anti-inflammatory action

I.V methylprednisolone is recommended in moderate-to-severe cases at 1–2 mg/kg/day for 3 days

Recently, dexamethasone has been found to be beneficial in severe cases

Remdesivir has shown efficacy in moderate cases

Lopinavir/ritonavir have much lower efficacy

Oseltamivir has shown no clear benefit

Recently launched favipiravir shows some efficacy in mild-to-moderate cases

Tocilizumab is a IgG1 monoclonal antibody, directed against the IL-6 receptor which is seen to be beneficial in moderate-to-severe cases of COVID-19

HCQS has shown better efficacy and safety profile as compared to chloroquine

Most beneficial if plasma collected within 2 weeks of patient recovery from disease

Enoxaparin is indicated in moderate-to-severe cases to prevent venous thromboembolism