Characteristics of the included studies
| Authors | Study design | Samples | BNP | Cut-off | Mean/median hs-cTnI (non-survivor vs survivor) (pg/mL) | Male (%) | Mean/median Age (years) | HTN (%) | CAD/CVD (%) | Diabetes (%) | Respiratory comorbidities (%) |
| Cao J 2020 | Observational, Retrospective | 102 (17/85) | NT-pro BNP | ≥900 pg/mL | 21.5 (9.4–44.1) vs 7.6 (3.2–11.0) (All) | 76.5 vs 47.1 | 72 vs 53 | 64.7 vs 20 | 17.6 vs 2.4 (CAD) | 35.3 vs 5.9 | 23.5 vs 7.1 (COPD) |
| Chen 20203 | Observational, Retrospective | 123 (31/92) | NT-pro BNP | N/A | 0.21±0.45 vs 0.01±0.01 *troponin T | 71 vs 42 | 72 vs 53 | 48.4 vs 38.3 | 25.8 vs 7.6 (CAD) | 19.4 vs 8.7 | 9.7 vs 3.3 (COPD) |
| Chen T 20206 | Observational, Retrospective | 274 (113/161) | NT-pro BNP | ≥285 pg/mL | 40.8 (14.7–157.8) vs 3.3 (1.9–7.0) | 73 vs 55) | 68.0 vs 51.0 | 48 vs 24 | 14 vs 4 (CVD) | 21 vs 14 | 10 vs 4(CLD) |
| Li K 20209 | Observational, Retrospective | 32 (11/21) | NT-pro BNP | ≥241 pg/mL | 24.1 (13.0–202.1) vs 4.3 (2.0–10.6) | 73 vs 55) | 57 (69 vs 55) | 30 (47 vs 28) | 4 (13 vs 2) (CAD) | 15 (13 vs 15) | 2 (7 vs 1) (COPD) |
| Gao L 2020*12 | Observational, Retrospective | 54 | NT-pro BNP | >88.64 pg/mL | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Shi S 2020*5 | Observational, Retrospective | 416 | NT-pro BNP | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
*Group was not mortality versus no mortality (high NT-proBNP vs low-moderate NT-proBNP; cardiac injury vs no cardiac injury).
CAD, coronary artery disease; CLD, Chronic Lung Disease; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CVD, cardiovascular Disease; HTN, hypertension; N/A, not available; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide.