Summary of characteristics for the lung cancer and resistant smokers
Variable | Lung cancer patients (n = 446) | Healthy control smokers (n = 484) | p Value |
Characteristic | |||
Male | 53% | 60% | 0.007 |
Age (years) | 69 (10) | 60 (10) | <0.001 |
Height (cm) | 167 (0.08) | 170 (0.09) | <0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 69 (15) | 79 (15) | <0.001 |
History of COPD | 29% | 5% | <0.001 |
Smoking history | |||
Non-smokers (%) | 7% | 0 | |
Current smoking (%) | 35% | 48% | <0.001 |
Age started (years) | 18 (4) | 17 (3) | 0.18 |
Years smoked | 41 (12) | 35 (11) | <0.001 |
Pack-years | 41 (25) | 40 (19) | 0.28 |
Cigarettes/day | 20 (10) | 24 (11) | <0.001 |
History of other exposures | |||
In utero smoke exposure | 18% | 17% | 0.45 |
Mother smoked in childhood | 37% | 41% | 0.03 |
Home ETS exposure as adult | 79% | 58% | <0.001 |
Work ETS exposure | 86% | 63% | <0.001 |
Work dust exposure | 63% | 47% | <0.001 |
Work fume exposure | 41% | 38% | 0.16 |
Asbestos exposure | 23% | 16% | 0.02 |
Family history | |||
COPD | 33% | 28% | 0.12 |
Lung cancer | 19% | 9% | <0.001 |
Lung function | |||
FEV1 (litres) | 1.86 (0.48) | 2.86 (0.68) | <0.001 |
FEV1 % predicted | 73% | 99% | <0.001 |
FEV1/FVC | 64 (13) | 78 (7) | <0.001 |
Spirometric COPD* | 51% | 0% | <0.001 |
Values are frequency (given as %) or mean (SD).
*According to GOLD 2+ criteria (FEV1/FVC < 70% and FEV1 % predicted ⩽ 80%).
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ETS, environmental tobacco smoke; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.