Different forms of exercise and their impact on BMD
| Form of exercise | Impact on BMD | Sites | Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| Swimming | None | — | 20 |
| Walking | Protects against further loss | Hip, lumbar spine | 37 |
| Gentle aerobic exercise (low impact) | Protects against further loss, may increase | Hip, lumbar spine | 26, 27, 34, 40, 41, 42, 45 |
| Vigorous aerobic exercise (high impact) | Increases | Hip, lumbar spine | 21, 26, 27, 29, 33, 34 |
| Weight training | Increases | Hip, lumbar spine, radius | 18, 19, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, |
| Running | Increases | Hip, lumbar spine | 16, 17 |
| Squash | Increases | Hip, lumbar spine, racquet hand | 21 |