Causes of hypercalcaemia in myeloma
Myeloma bone disease |
Postulated chemical mediators for osteoclast activating factor include1 2 |
Interleukin-1 |
Interleukin-6 |
Tumour necrosis factor-α |
Lymphotoxin |
Colony stimulating factors |
Unidentified factors |
PTH-rP3 |
Abnormal calcium binding globulins4 5 |
Coincident presence of another disease causing hypercalcaemia including primary hyperparathyroidism6 |
PTH-rP = parathyroid hormone related peptide.