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Postgrad Med J 85:316-321 doi:10.1136/pgmj.2009.078824
  • Review

Mountain mortality: a review of deaths that occur during recreational activities in the mountains

Table 3 A summary of those studies that have calculated mortality rate per 1 000 000 exposure days for specific mountain activities
Authors Location Era Activity Deaths Age (years) % Male Mortality rate (/1 000 000 exposure days)
Avery et al (1990)8 England and Wales 1982–1988 Mountaineering 70 – 95 2.3
Corra et al (2004)22 South Tyrol, Italy 2001–2002 Skiing and snowboarding – – – 1.6
Farahmand et al (2007)19 Vasaloppet, Sweden 1970–2005 Skiing 13 56 100 0.11
McIntosh et al (2008)14 Mt McKinley National Park, USA 1990–2006 Mountaineering 96 33 92 100
Malcolm (2001)21 Mt Cook National Park, New Zealand 1981–1995 Mountaineering 33 26 94 1870
Morrow (1988)23 Vermont, USA 1979–1986 Skiing 16 30 81 0.67
Shlim and Gallie (1992)13 Nepal 1984–1987 Trekking 23 – – 11†
Sherry and Clout (1988)24 Snowy Mountains, Australia 1956–1987 Skiing 29 35 86 0.87
Weston et al (1977)20 Utah, USA 1969–1974 Skiing 10 36 80 2.86
Xiang et al (2003)25 Colorado, USA 1980–2001 Skiing and snowboarding 274 32 81 0.53–1.88*

  • *The range of annual mortality rates obtained per 1 000 000 skier visits to Colorado between 1980 and 2001. †Calculated by McIntosh et al.14

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