© 2004 Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine
REVIEW
Analgesia for patients with advanced disease: 2
St Christopher’s Hospice, London, UK
Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr Emma J Hall
St Christopher’s Hospice, 51–59 Lawrie Park Road, Sydenham, London SE26 6DZ, UK; emmahall{at}doctors.org.uk
The first article in this series explored epidemiology and patterns of pain in advanced disease, non-pharmacological treatments, and the use of opioids to manage pain. This second article examines the use of non-opioid drugs and anaesthetic interventions for pain relief in advanced disease. It also discusses an approach to managing analgesia in dying patients and finally looks at future developments.
Keywords: malignant; non-malignant; pain; opioids; analgesia; adjuvants; non-opioids; non-pharmacological
Abbreviations: COX, cyclo-oxygenase; NMDA, N-methyl-D aspartate; NNH, number needed to harm; NNT, number needed to treat; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; WHO, World Health Organisation
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