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a Department of
Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven,
Connecticut, b Department of
Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
Correspondence to: Dr M Soleimani, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, MSB 5502, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0585, USA Manoocher.Soleimani{at}uc.edu
Submitted 8 September
2000;
Accepted 14 June 2001
Disturbances in potassium homoeostasis presenting as low or
high serum potassium are common, especially among hospitalised patients. Given the fact that untreated hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia is associated with high morbidity and mortality, it is critical to
recognise and treat these disorders promptly. In this article, normal
potassium homoeostasis is reviewed initially and then a pathophysiological approach to work-up and management of hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia is presented. Recent advances with respect to the
role of kidney in handling of the potassium, the regulation of renal
ion transporters in hypokalaemia, and treatment of hypokalaemia and
hyperkalaemia will be discussed.
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